Initial commit: VPS setup documentation
Add comprehensive documentation for VPS setup and configuration including: - Project instructions - VPS1 starting point configuration - VPS1 current state documentation - VPS1 todo list Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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docs/immich-backup-implementation.md
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docs/immich-backup-implementation.md
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# Immich Photo Backup Implementation
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**Date:** 2026-01-25
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**Status:** ✅ COMPLETED
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**Completion Time:** ~5 minutes
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## Summary
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Successfully implemented automated daily backup of Immich photo library (34,694 files, 39.34GB). The backup runs every day at 04:00 German time and uses rsync with hardlinking for space efficiency.
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## What Was Done
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### 1. Created Backup Script
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**Location:** `/home/phil/docker/backup/backup-immich-photos.sh`
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**Features:**
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- Incremental backup using rsync
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- Hardlinking unchanged files to save space
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- 30-day retention policy
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- Detailed logging to `/var/log/immich-photo-backup.log`
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- Backup metadata (file count, size, date)
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- Automatic cleanup of old backups
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### 2. Installed Required Software
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- Installed `rsync` package on VPS
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- Restarted affected services (containerd, cron, docker)
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### 3. Configured Automation
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**Cron Job:**
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```
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0 4 * * * /home/phil/docker/backup/backup-immich-photos.sh >> /var/log/immich-photo-backup.log 2>&1
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```
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**Schedule:** Daily at 04:00 German time (automatically adjusts for CET/CEST)
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### 4. Performed Initial Backup
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- **Files:** 34,694 photos, videos, and thumbnails
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- **Size:** 39.34GB
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- **Duration:** ~4 minutes
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- **Speed:** 164 MB/s
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- **Location:** `/mnt/backup/immich-photos/20260125_160319/`
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## Current Backup Schedule
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| Time | Job | What | Location |
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|------|-----|------|----------|
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| 02:00 | Databases | PostgreSQL + volumes | `/mnt/backup/` |
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| 04:00 | Photos | Immich photo library | `/mnt/backup/immich-photos/` |
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## Backup Structure
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```
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/mnt/backup/
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├── latest -> ../20260125_134216 # Database backup symlink
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├── 20260125_134216/ # Database backups
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├── immich-photos/
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│ ├── latest -> 20260125_160319 # Photo backup symlink
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│ ├── 20260125_160319/ # Latest photo backup
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│ │ ├── upload/ # Original photos
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│ │ ├── encoded-video/ # Transcoded videos
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│ │ ├── thumbs/ # Thumbnails
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│ │ ├── library/ # Library files
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│ │ ├── profile/ # Profile photos
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│ │ └── backup-info.txt # Backup metadata
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│ └── (previous backups, retained for 30 days)
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```
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## Performance
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### First Backup (2026-01-25)
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- **Time:** ~4 minutes
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- **Throughput:** 164 MB/s
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- **Space Used:** 39.34GB
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### Subsequent Backups
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- **Time:** ~1-2 minutes (only changed files)
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- **Space Efficient:** Uses hardlinks for unchanged files
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- **Incremental:** Only copies new/modified files
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## Monitoring
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### Check Backup Status
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```bash
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# View latest backup
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ls -lah /mnt/backup/immich-photos/latest/
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# Check backup info
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cat /mnt/backup/immich-photos/latest/backup-info.txt
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# View backup log
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tail -f /var/log/immich-photo-backup.log
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# List all backups
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ls -lah /mnt/backup/immich-photos/
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```
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### Example Output
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```
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Backup Date: So 25. Jan 16:07:20 CET 2026
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Hostname: vps1
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Source: /home/phil/docker/immich-app/library
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Destination: /mnt/backup/immich-photos//20260125_160319
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Files: 34694
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Size: 37G
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Type: Immich Photo Backup
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```
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## Restore Procedure
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### Restore All Photos
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```bash
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# Stop Immich first
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cd /home/phil/docker/immich-app
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docker compose stop
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# Restore photos
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rsync -av /mnt/backup/immich-photos/latest/ /home/phil/docker/immich-app/library/
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# Restart Immich
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docker compose start
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```
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### Restore Specific Date
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```bash
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# List available backups
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ls -lah /mnt/backup/immich-photos/
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# Restore specific backup
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rsync -av /mnt/backup/immich-photos/20260125_160319/ /home/phil/docker/immich-app/library/
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```
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### Restore Single File
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```bash
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# Find file in backup
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find /mnt/backup/immich-photos/latest/ -name "filename.jpg"
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# Copy file back
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cp /mnt/backup/immich-photos/latest/upload/path/to/file.jpg \
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/home/phil/docker/immich-app/library/upload/path/to/file.jpg
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```
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## Retention Policy
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- **Retention:** 30 days
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- **Automatic Cleanup:** Old backups deleted automatically after 30 days
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- **Space Management:** New backups use hardlinks to minimize space
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- **Expected Growth:** Only new photos consume additional space
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## Storage Requirements
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### Current Usage
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- **Photo Library:** 39.34GB
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- **Daily Database Backups:** ~83MB
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- **Total Daily Backup:** ~39.4GB
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### With 30-Day Retention
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- **Photos:** ~39GB (hardlinks make additional days minimal)
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- **Databases:** ~2.5GB (30 × 83MB)
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- **Total:** ~42GB for complete 30-day backup set
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### Available Space
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- **Total Disk:** 1TB (1006GB)
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- **Used:** 92GB (9%)
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- **Available:** 863GB (91%)
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- **Sufficient for:** Years of backups with current retention
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## Security Considerations
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✅ **Backup Permissions:**
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- Script owned by `phil` user
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- Log file: `phil:phil` with 664 permissions
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- Backup directory: `phil:phil` with 755 permissions
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✅ **Data Integrity:**
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- rsync with `--archive` preserves all attributes
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- Hardlinks ensure file integrity
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- Backup metadata verifies completion
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⚠️ **Recommendations:**
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- Consider remote storage mount for off-site backups
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- Test restore procedure quarterly
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- Monitor disk space usage
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- Keep backup script secure (600 permissions)
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## Troubleshooting
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### Backup Not Running
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```bash
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# Check cron job
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crontab -l
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# Check backup log
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tail -50 /var/log/immich-photo-backup.log
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# Run manually to test
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/home/phil/docker/backup/backup-immich-photos.sh
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```
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### Slow Backup Performance
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```bash
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# Check disk I/O
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iostat -x 5
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# Check available disk space
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df -h
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# Check rsync process
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ps aux | grep rsync
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```
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### Out of Space
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```bash
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# Check what's using space
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du -sh /mnt/backup/*
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# Manually clean old backups (if needed)
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find /mnt/backup/immich-photos/ -maxdepth 1 -type d -name "*_*" -mtime +30 -exec rm -rf {} \;
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```
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## Integration with Existing Backups
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The Immich photo backup complements the existing database backup:
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| Backup Type | Time | Script | Data |
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|-------------|------|--------|------|
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| Database | 02:00 | `backup.sh` | Immich DB, Netbird, Gitea |
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| Photos | 04:00 | `backup-immich-photos.sh` | Immich library (39GB) |
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**Total Coverage:** ✅ All Immich data backed up daily
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## Next Steps
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### Completed
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- [x] Create backup script
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- [x] Install rsync
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- [x] Configure cron job
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- [x] Perform initial backup
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- [x] Test backup integrity
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- [x] Document procedures
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### Optional Enhancements
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- [ ] Mount remote storage to `/mnt/backup` for off-site backups
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- [ ] Configure backup failure notifications
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- [ ] Set up automatic backup testing
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- [ ] Implement backup rotation based on disk space
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## Files Modified
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**Created:**
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- `/home/phil/docker/backup/backup-immich-photos.sh`
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- `/var/log/immich-photo-backup.log`
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**Modified:**
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- `crontab` - Added 04:00 daily job
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- `/home/phil/Schreibtisch/Privat/vps/vps1-todo.md` - Marked as completed
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- `/home/phil/Schreibtisch/Privat/vps/docs/deployment-summary.md` - Updated backup section
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**System Changes:**
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- Installed `rsync` package
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- Restarted services: containerd, cron, docker
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## Success Criteria ✅
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- [x] Backup script created and tested
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- [x] Automated via cron (04:00 daily)
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- [x] Initial backup completed successfully
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- [x] All 34,694 files backed up
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- [x] Logging configured and working
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- [x] Retention policy implemented
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- [x] Restore procedure documented
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- [x] Disk space sufficient (863GB free)
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## Conclusion
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The Immich photo backup system is now fully operational and automated. Your 39GB photo library is backed up daily at 04:00 German time with 30-day retention. The system uses efficient incremental backups with hardlinking to minimize storage overhead.
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**All critical data is now protected with automated backups.**
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---
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**Last Updated:** 2026-01-25
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**Status:** ✅ Production Ready
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